A water butt connects to your downpipe to harvest rainfall, providing a free and sustainable water source for your garden. If you have ever wondered “what is a water butt” and how it can save you money, this guide covers everything you need to know. They are simple devices, but they make a big difference to your water bill and the environment.
In short, a water butt is a large container that collects rainwater from your roof. It sits outside, usually against a wall, and captures water that would otherwise go down the drain. This stored water is perfect for watering plants, cleaning cars, or washing windows.
Let’s break down the basics, the benefits, and how to set one up properly. You will see why they are a staple for eco-conscious gardeners.
What Is A Water Butt And How Does It Work
The core idea is very straightforward. Rain falls on your roof, flows into the guttering, and heads toward the downpipe. Instead of letting that water escape into the sewer, you divert it into the butt.
You need a few key parts to make it work. Most kits come with everything you need, but it helps to know what each piece does.
- Container: The main tank, usually made of plastic, wood, or metal. Sizes range from 100 litres to over 500 litres.
- Diverter: A small fitting that attaches to your downpipe. It channels a portion of the water into the butt.
- Lid: Keeps leaves, insects, and debris out of the water.
- Tap: Located near the bottom, allowing you to fill a watering can easily.
- Overflow: A connection near the top that sends excess water back into the drain system.
When it rains, the diverter fills the butt first. Once the butt is full, the overflow kicks in. This means the water flows normally down the pipe, preventing flooding around your foundation.
Why You Should Use A Rainwater Butt
There are many practical reasons to install one. The most obvious is the cost saving. Garden watering accounts for a huge chunk of household water use in summer.
Using rainwater is also better for your plants. Tap water contains chlorine and other chemicals. Rainwater is naturally soft and free of these additives, making it healthier for soil biology.
Another big plus is reducing stormwater runoff. When heavy rain hits, it washes pollutants from your driveway and roof into rivers. Collecting it slows this process down.
The Environmental Impact
Every time you use a watering can filled from a butt, you are reducing the demand on treated mains water. This saves energy used in pumping and purification.
It also helps with local flood prevention. By capturing a few hundred litres, you are easing the pressure on drainage systems during storms. It is a small action with a collective benefit.
Choosing The Right Water Butt For Your Garden
Not all water butts are the same. You need to consider the size of your roof and your watering habits. A small garden might only need a 100-litre model.
For larger gardens or vegetable patches, look for a bigger tank. You can also link multiple butts together. This allows you to store more water without needing a massive single container.
Think about the material too. Plastic is lightweight and cheap. Wooden barrels look nicer but require more maintenance. Metal is durable but can rust if not treated.
Key Features To Look For
When shopping, check for a few specific features. A flat back is useful for standing against a wall. A child-proof lid is essential if you have kids or pets.
Look for a brass tap rather than a plastic one. Brass lasts longer and is less likely to crack in winter. Also, check if the kit includes a stand.
A stand is very important. It raises the butt off the ground, giving you enough height to fill a watering can. It also increases water pressure from the tap.
Understanding Water Butt Capacity
A simple calculation helps you estimate how much water you can collect. For every square metre of roof, you can collect about one litre of water for every one millimetre of rain.
So, a 50 square metre roof with 10mm of rain gives you 500 litres. That is a lot of water. Most homes cannot store all of it, so you focus on catching the first part of the rainfall.
This is why the diverter is useful. It only captures a percentage of the flow. You can adjust it to suit the size of your butt.
Step-By-Step Installation Guide
Installing a water butt is a DIY job that takes about 30 minutes. You need a few basic tools: a drill, a screwdriver, and a hacksaw. Most kits come with clear instructions.
First, choose a location. It must be on solid, level ground. The downpipe you are using should be close to where you want the butt to stand.
- Place the stand on the ground and position the empty butt on top.
- Mark the downpipe at the height where the diverter will sit. It should be slightly above the top of the butt.
- Cut a section out of the downpipe using the hacksaw. Remove a piece that matches the width of the diverter.
- Fit the diverter into the gap. Make sure the seal is tight to prevent leaks.
- Connect the flexible hose from the diverter to the inlet on the butt.
- Attach the overflow pipe to the top outlet. Direct this back into the downpipe or toward a drain.
- Fill the butt with water and check for leaks at all connections.
Once installed, test the system with a bucket of water. Pour it down the downpipe and watch how the diverter works. Adjust the flow if needed.
Positioning And Safety Tips
Always place the butt on a firm base. A full 200-litre butt weighs 200 kilograms. Soft ground can cause it to tip over.
Keep the lid secured at all times. This prevents accidents and stops mosquitoes from breeding. Mosquitoes love stagnant water.
If you live in a cold climate, drain the butt before winter. Ice can crack the plastic. You can also buy insulating jackets for the tank.
Connecting Multiple Butts
If one butt is not enough, you can link them. Use a connector kit that joins the bottom of one tank to the top of another.
This creates a linked system where all butts fill evenly. You only need one tap on the last butt in the chain. This is a great way to maximize storage.
Make sure all butts are on the same level. If they are not, the water will not flow correctly. Use a spirit level to check.
Maintaining Your Water Butt For Longevity
Regular maintenance keeps the water clean and the system working. It takes less than an hour a month. You do not need special tools.
Start by cleaning the gutters. If your gutters are full of leaves, the water quality will be poor. A simple gutter scoop does the job.
Check the filter on the diverter. Most have a mesh screen that catches debris. Rinse it under a tap every few weeks.
Cleaning The Inside Of The Tank
Over time, algae can grow inside the butt. This is harmless for plants but can smell. You can prevent this by keeping the water dark.
If you need to clean it, empty the butt completely. Use a mild bleach solution and a long-handled brush. Rinse thoroughly before refilling.
Do not use soap or detergents. These can harm your plants. A simple rinse with water is usually enough.
Winter Care And Draining
Before the first frost, disconnect the diverter. This prevents water from freezing in the pipe and cracking it. Let the butt drain completely.
You can leave the empty butt outside. Turn it upside down to prevent water from pooling in the lid. This extends its life.
If you want to use water in winter, store it in sealed containers. This keeps it liquid and ready for indoor plants.
Common Problems And How To Fix Them
Sometimes things go wrong. The most common issue is a leak at the tap. This is usually a worn washer. Replace it with a standard tap washer.
Another problem is the diverter overflowing. This happens when the diverter is clogged. Take it apart and clean the internal valve.
If the water smells bad, it is likely stagnant. Add a small amount of hydrogen peroxide to oxygenate it. This is safe for plants.
Dealing With Mosquitoes
Mosquitoes can lay eggs in standing water. The best prevention is a tight-fitting lid. You can also add a few drops of vegetable oil to the surface.
The oil creates a film that prevents larvae from breathing. It does not harm your plants. Reapply after heavy rain.
Another option is to use a biological larvicide. These are safe tablets that kill larvae without affecting the water quality.
Low Water Pressure
If the tap drips slowly, the water level is too low. The pressure comes from the height of the water column. Raise the butt on a higher stand.
You can also install a small pump for better flow. This is useful for connecting a hose. A submersible pump works well.
Keep the tap clean. Mineral deposits can block the opening. Soak it in vinegar overnight to dissolve the scale.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I drink water from a water butt?
No, you should not drink it. Rainwater collected from roofs may contain bird droppings and chemicals. It is only for garden use.
How much water can a water butt save?
A typical household can save around 5,000 litres a year. This depends on roof size and rainfall in your area.
Do I need planning permission for a water butt?
No, you do not need permission. They are considered a standard garden fixture. Just ensure it does not block a public path.
Can I use a water butt for a washing machine?
Technically yes, but it requires filtration and a pump. It is not recommended for drinking or laundry without proper treatment.
How long does a plastic water butt last?
With proper care, a plastic butt can last 10 to 15 years. Keep it out of direct sunlight to prevent UV damage.
Final Thoughts On Using A Water Butt
So, what is a water butt? It is a simple, effective tool for sustainable living. It reduces your water bill and helps the planet at the same time.
Installing one is a quick weekend project. The benefits are immediate and long-lasting. You will never look at a rainstorm the same way again.
Start small with a basic kit. You can always add more capacity later. Your garden will thank you, and so will your wallet.
Take the plunge and set one up today. It is one of the easiest green upgrades you can make to your home. You will wonder why you did not do it sooner.
Remember to check your local water company for discounts. Many offer subsidised water butts to encourage conservation. It is a win-win situation for everyone.