Washington’s maritime climate means your chamomile planting schedule depends more on soil temperature than calendar dates. Finding the best time to plant chamomile in Washington requires understanding your specific region, from the rainy western side to the drier eastern areas. This guide breaks down exactly when and how to plant chamomile for a successful harvest.
Best Time To Plant Chamomile In Washington
The ideal window for planting chamomile in Washington is early spring, typically from mid-March to late April. For most gardeners, this means starting seeds indoors 4-6 weeks before the last frost date. Soil temperature should be consistently above 60°F (15°C) for direct sowing.
Chamomile is a cool-season annual that thrives in Washington’s mild springs. It actually prefers cooler weather for germination and early growth. If you plant too late, summer heat can stress the plants and reduce flower production.
Understanding Washington’s Climate Zones
Washington has three main growing regions that affect planting times. Western Washington, including Seattle and Olympia, has mild, wet springs. Eastern Washington, like Spokane and Yakima, experiences colder winters and hotter summers. The Puget Sound region has its own microclimate.
Your local frost dates are the most reliable guide. Check your zip code’s average last frost date online. Chamomile seeds germinate best when soil is between 60-70°F, so use a soil thermometer for accuracy.
Western Washington Planting Window
In western Washington, aim for direct sowing between April 1 and May 15. The soil warms slowly here due to frequent rain. Start seeds indoors in late February or early March for transplants.
- Indoor start: Late February to mid-March
- Direct sow: April 1 to May 15
- Fall planting: September 1 to October 15 (for mild winters)
Eastern Washington Planting Window
Eastern Washington has a shorter growing season with hotter summers. Plant after the last frost, typically between April 15 and May 31. Soil warms faster here, so direct sowing works well.
- Indoor start: Mid-March to early April
- Direct sow: April 15 to May 31
- Fall planting: Not recommended due to cold winters
Soil Preparation For Chamomile
Chamomile prefers well-draining soil with a pH between 5.6 and 7.5. Washington’s naturally acidic soil may need lime adjustment. Test your soil pH before planting.
Work in 2-3 inches of compost to improve drainage and fertility. Chamomile is not a heavy feeder, so avoid high-nitrogen fertilizers. Too much nitrogen produces lush leaves but few flowers.
Preparing Your Garden Bed
- Choose a sunny location with at least 6 hours of direct sunlight
- Remove weeds and rocks from the planting area
- Loosen soil to a depth of 6-8 inches
- Mix in compost or aged manure
- Rake the surface smooth for even seed distribution
Starting Chamomile From Seed
Chamomile seeds are tiny and need light to germinate. Do not cover them with soil. Simply press them gently into the surface and keep them moist.
For indoor starts, use seed-starting mix in small pots or trays. Sprinkle seeds on top and mist with water. Cover with plastic wrap to maintain humidity until germination, which takes 7-14 days.
Direct Sowing Steps
- Wait until soil temperature reaches 60°F
- Scatter seeds thinly over prepared soil
- Press seeds lightly into the surface
- Water gently with a fine spray
- Thin seedlings to 6-8 inches apart when they have 2-3 true leaves
Transplanting Chamomile Seedlings
Harden off indoor seedlings for 7-10 days before transplanting. Place them outside for a few hours each day, gradually increasing exposure. This prevents transplant shock.
Space transplants 6-8 inches apart in rows 12 inches apart. Water well after planting and mulch lightly to retain moisture. Chamomile has shallow roots, so keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged.
Fall Planting For Mild Winters
In western Washington’s mild coastal areas, you can plant chamomile in early fall for a spring harvest. Sow seeds from September 1 to October 15. The plants will establish roots before winter and bloom earlier next year.
Fall-planted chamomile may need protection from heavy rain. Use row covers or cold frames to prevent soil erosion. In eastern Washington, fall planting is risky due to freezing temperatures.
Common Mistakes To Avoid
Planting too early in cold soil is the most common error. Chamomile seeds rot in wet, cold ground. Wait until soil is consistently above 60°F before direct sowing.
Overwatering is another issue. Washington’s rainy springs can drown chamomile seedlings. Ensure your soil drains well and consider raised beds for heavy clay soils.
- Don’t plant in shade – chamomile needs full sun
- Don’t use fresh manure – it can burn roots
- Don’t let soil dry out completely – seeds need consistent moisture
- Don’t plant too deep – seeds need light to germinate
Harvesting Your Chamomile
Chamomile flowers are ready to harvest when the petals begin to fold back. Pick them in the morning after dew has dried. Use scissors or pinch the stems just below the flower head.
Harvest regularly to encourage more blooms. A single plant can produce flowers for 6-8 weeks. Dry flowers in a warm, dark place with good air circulation for 1-2 weeks.
Storing Dried Chamomile
Store dried chamomile flowers in an airtight container away from light. They retain potency for about one year. Crush them just before use for the best flavor and aroma.
Chamomile Varieties For Washington
German chamomile (Matricaria recutita) is the best choice for Washington gardens. It’s an annual that grows 2 feet tall and produces abundant flowers. Roman chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile) is a perennial ground cover that works well in pathways.
For eastern Washington’s hot summers, choose heat-tolerant varieties like ‘Bodegold’ or ‘Goral’. These produce more flowers in high temperatures. In western Washington, any standard variety will thrive.
Pest And Disease Management
Chamomile is generally pest-resistant, but aphids can be a problem. Spray them off with water or use insecticidal soap. Powdery mildew may appear in humid conditions; ensure good air circulation.
Slugs and snails love chamomile seedlings. Use copper tape or diatomaceous earth around your plants. Remove debris where slugs hide during the day.
Companion Planting With Chamomile
Chamomile is a beneficial companion for many vegetables. It attracts pollinators and repels pests. Plant it near cabbage, onions, and cucumbers for best results.
Avoid planting chamomile near potatoes or other nightshades. It can attract pests that also target these crops. Keep chamomile in a separate bed or at least 3 feet away.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I plant chamomile in summer in Washington?
Summer planting is possible but not ideal. Chamomile struggles in heat above 85°F. If you must plant in summer, choose a partially shaded spot and water frequently.
How late can I plant chamomile in Washington?
In western Washington, you can direct sow until June 15. In eastern Washington, plant by May 31. Later plantings may not produce flowers before frost.
Does chamomile come back every year in Washington?
German chamomile is an annual and dies after one season. It self-seeds readily, so new plants often appear the next year. Roman chamomile is a perennial that returns for 3-5 years.
What is the best month to plant chamomile in Seattle?
For Seattle, April is the best month for direct sowing. Start seeds indoors in March for transplants. Soil temperatures reach 60°F by mid-April in most years.
Can I grow chamomile in pots in Washington?
Yes, chamomile grows well in containers. Use a pot at least 6 inches deep with drainage holes. Place it in full sun and water when the top inch of soil feels dry.
Final Tips For Success
Keep a garden journal to track your planting dates and results. Washington’s weather varies yearly, so adjust your schedule based on actual conditions. Soil temperature is more reliable than the calendar.
Start with a small patch of chamomile your first year. It’s easy to expand once you see how it grows in your specific location. Enjoy the process and the calming tea you’ll harvest.
Remember that chamomile is forgiving. Even if you plant a few weeks late, you’ll still get flowers. The key is consistent moisture and full sun. With these basics, your Washington chamomile garden will thrive.