Missouri’s unpredictable spring weather, with its mix of warm spells and late cold snaps, makes cilantro planting a timing challenge. Finding the best time to plant cilantro in missouri is crucial for a successful harvest. This guide breaks down exactly when to sow seeds for lush, bolt-resistant plants.
Cilantro is a cool-season herb that thrives in mild temperatures. It quickly goes to seed, or bolts, in heat. In Missouri, your planting window depends on your region and the current year’s weather patterns.
Best Time To Plant Cilantro In Missouri
The absolute best time to plant cilantro in missouri is in early spring, as soon as the soil can be worked. This usually falls between late March and mid-April. A second planting window opens in late summer for a fall harvest.
Spring Planting Window
Wait until the danger of a hard frost has passed. Cilantro can tolerate light frosts, but prolonged freezing will kill young plants. Check your local frost dates for your specific Missouri region.
- Southern Missouri: Late March to early April
- Central Missouri: Early to mid-April
- Northern Missouri: Mid to late April
Fall Planting Window
For a fall crop, plant cilantro 6-8 weeks before the first expected frost. This gives plants time to mature before cold weather sets in. Aim for late August to early September.
- Southern Missouri: Early September
- Central Missouri: Late August to early September
- Northern Missouri: Mid to late August
Understanding Cilantro’s Growth Cycle
Cilantro grows quickly from seed to harvest. It prefers cool temperatures between 50°F and 85°F. Once daytime temps consistently hit 85°F, cilantro will bolt and produce flowers and seeds.
Bolting is when the plant shifts from leaf production to seed production. Leaves become bitter and less flavorful. Timing your planting to avoid peak summer heat is key.
Why Timing Matters
Planting too early risks frost damage. Planting too late means your cilantro will bolt before you get a good harvest. The sweet spot is when soil temperatures are around 50°F to 70°F.
In Missouri, spring weather can be erratic. A warm week in March might tempt you to plant, but a late freeze in April could wipe out your crop. Always check the 10-day forecast before sowing.
Step-By-Step Planting Guide
Follow these steps for a successful cilantro planting in Missouri.
- Choose a location: Pick a spot with full sun to partial shade. In hotter parts of Missouri, afternoon shade helps prevent bolting.
- Prepare the soil: Cilantro prefers well-draining soil rich in organic matter. Work in compost or aged manure before planting.
- Sow seeds directly: Cilantro has a taproot and does not transplant well. Sow seeds 1/4 inch deep and 2 inches apart in rows or blocks.
- Water gently: Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Seeds germinate in 7-10 days.
- Thin seedlings: Once seedlings have 2-3 true leaves, thin them to 6 inches apart. This gives each plant room to grow.
- Succession plant: Sow new seeds every 2-3 weeks for a continuous harvest. This extends your cilantro season significantly.
Indoor Seed Starting
If you want an earlier start, you can begin seeds indoors. Use biodegradable pots to avoid root disturbance. Transplant seedlings outdoors after the last frost date.
- Start seeds 4-6 weeks before your last frost date.
- Use a seed-starting mix and keep soil moist.
- Harden off seedlings for a week before transplanting.
Regional Considerations For Missouri
Missouri spans USDA hardiness zones 5b to 7a. Your specific location affects planting times. Here’s a breakdown by region.
Northern Missouri (Zones 5B-6a)
Spring comes later here. Expect last frost dates around mid to late April. Plant cilantro in late April or early May. For fall, plant in mid-August.
Central Missouri (Zones 6A-6b)
This region includes Columbia and Jefferson City. Last frost dates are typically early to mid-April. Plant in early to mid-April for spring. Fall planting works best in late August.
Southern Missouri (Zones 6B-7a)
Spring arrives earlier in the Ozarks. Last frost dates can be as early as late March. Plant in late March or early April. For fall, plant in early September.
Dealing With Missouri’s Weather Challenges
Missouri weather is notorious for sudden changes. Here’s how to protect your cilantro.
Late Frosts
If a late frost is forecast, cover young plants with row covers or old sheets. Remove covers during the day to allow sunlight and air circulation.
Heat Waves
When a heat wave hits, provide shade with a light cloth or plant cilantro in a spot that gets afternoon shade. Mulch around plants to keep soil cool.
Heavy Rain
Cilantro does not like soggy soil. If heavy rain is expected, ensure good drainage. Raised beds work well in areas with clay soil common in Missouri.
Harvesting Cilantro At The Right Time
Harvest cilantro leaves when they are 4-6 inches tall. Cut the outer leaves first, leaving the inner ones to grow. This method extends your harvest.
- Harvest in the morning when leaves are crisp.
- Use sharp scissors to avoid damaging the plant.
- Do not harvest more than one-third of the plant at once.
Extending Your Harvest
To delay bolting, pinch off flower buds as soon as they appear. This encourages more leaf growth. You can also plant cilantro in a shadier spot as summer progresses.
Once cilantro bolts, let it go to seed. The seeds are coriander, which you can harvest for cooking or replanting.
Common Cilantro Planting Mistakes
Avoid these errors for a better harvest.
- Planting too deep: Cilantro seeds need light to germinate. Sow them shallowly.
- Overcrowding: Thin seedlings to 6 inches apart. Crowded plants bolt faster.
- Neglecting water: Inconsistent watering causes stress and early bolting.
- Planting in full sun in summer: Partial shade helps extend the growing season.
- Transplanting: Cilantro hates root disturbance. Always direct sow if possible.
Companion Planting With Cilantro
Cilantro grows well with many vegetables and herbs. It attracts beneficial insects like ladybugs and lacewings.
- Good companions: Tomatoes, peppers, spinach, lettuce, and dill.
- Avoid planting near: Fennel, which can cross-pollinate and alter flavor.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I plant cilantro in Missouri in the summer?
It’s not recommended. Summer heat causes cilantro to bolt quickly. If you must, plant in a shady spot and keep soil consistently moist. Expect a short harvest window.
What is the latest I can plant cilantro in Missouri?
For a fall harvest, plant no later than 6 weeks before your first expected frost. In northern Missouri, that’s early September. In southern Missouri, mid-September is usually safe.
Does cilantro come back every year in Missouri?
Cilantro is an annual, meaning it completes its life cycle in one season. However, it often self-seeds if you let some plants go to flower. You may get volunteer plants the next spring.
How do I know when to plant cilantro in Missouri based on soil temperature?
Use a soil thermometer. Cilantro seeds germinate best when soil temperature is between 50°F and 70°F. Measure at a depth of 2 inches in the morning.
Can I grow cilantro in containers in Missouri?
Yes, containers work well. Use a pot at least 8 inches deep with drainage holes. Place it in a spot that gets morning sun and afternoon shade. Water more frequently than in-ground plants.
Tips For Success With Cilantro In Missouri
Here are additional pointers to maximize your cilantro yield.
- Use fresh seeds each year. Cilantro seeds lose viability quickly.
- Soak seeds in water for 24 hours before planting to speed germination.
- Plant in blocks rather than rows for better leaf production.
- Fertilize lightly with a balanced fertilizer once plants are established.
- Watch for pests like aphids and spider mites. Use insecticidal soap if needed.
Storing Fresh Cilantro
Harvested cilantro can be stored in the refrigerator. Place stems in a glass of water and cover loosely with a plastic bag. Change water every few days. It will keep for up to a week.
You can also freeze cilantro. Chop leaves and place them in ice cube trays with water or olive oil. Use frozen cubes in soups and stews.
Final Thoughts On Planting Cilantro In Missouri
Timing is everything when growing cilantro in Missouri. By planting in early spring and again in late summer, you can enjoy fresh leaves for months. Pay attention to your local weather and adjust accordingly.
With a little planning, you’ll have a steady supply of cilantro for salsas, salads, and garnishes. Remember to succession plant and provide shade during hot spells. Your efforts will be rewarded with a bountiful harvest.
Now you know the best time to plant cilantro in missouri. Get your seeds ready and start your garden off right.