When To Plant Arborvitae

Arborvitae trees establish best when planted in early spring or early fall, avoiding extreme summer heat or winter freeze. Knowing exactly when to plant arborvitae can make the difference between a thriving hedge and a struggling one. This guide walks you through the ideal timing, soil prep, and care steps to get your trees off to a strong start.

The best time to plant arborvitae is during the cool, moist periods of the year. Early spring, right after the ground thaws, gives roots time to grow before summer heat arrives. Early fall, about 6-8 weeks before the first hard frost, is also excellent because the soil is still warm but the air is cool.

Planting in extreme heat or freezing weather stresses the tree. Avoid summer planting unless you can water daily, and never plant in frozen ground.

Why Timing Matters For Arborvitae

Arborvitae have shallow root systems that spread out near the surface. They need consistent moisture to establish. When you plant at the right time, the roots can spread before facing drought or cold.

Spring planting: Roots grow for 3-4 months before winter.
Fall planting: Roots grow until soil temps drop below 40°F.
Summer planting: High heat dries out roots quickly.
Winter planting: Frozen ground stops root growth entirely.

Signs Your Arborvitae Is Ready To Plant

Look for these cues before you dig:

Soil is workable and not waterlogged.
Nighttime temperatures stay above 50°F in spring.
Daytime temperatures are below 85°F in fall.
No frost is forecast for at least two weeks.

Best Seasons For Planting Arborvitae

Let’s break down each season so you can pick the best window for your location.

Early Spring Planting

Spring is the most popular time. The soil is moist from snowmelt or rain, and the air is still cool. Aim for March to May, depending on your zone.

Wait until the ground is fully thawed.
Dig a hole twice as wide as the root ball.
Place the tree at the same depth it was in the pot.
Water deeply right after planting.
Add 2-3 inches of mulch around the base.

Spring-planted arborvitae have the whole growing season to settle in. They will be stronger by winter.

Early Fall Planting

Fall is ideal in warmer climates. The soil stays warm from summer, which encourages root growth, while the cooler air reduces water loss. Plant from September to October.

Stop planting at least 6 weeks before the first frost.
Water weekly if rain is scarce.
Do not fertilize in fall—it can push new growth that freezes.

Fall-planted trees often catch up to spring-planted ones by the next year.

Summer Planting Risks

Summer heat stresses arborvitae. If you must plant in summer, choose a cloudy day and water deeply every 2-3 days. Provide temporary shade with a cloth or burlap.

Even with extra care, summer-planted trees have a higher failure rate. Only do this if you have no other option.

Winter Planting Dangers

Never plant arborvitae in frozen ground. The roots cannot grow, and the tree will dry out from wind. If you buy a tree in winter, keep it in a sheltered spot and plant in early spring.

How To Plant Arborvitae Step By Step

Once you’ve chosen the right time, follow these steps for success.

Step 1: Choose The Right Location

Arborvitae need full sun to partial shade. They prefer well-draining soil with a pH between 6.0 and 8.0. Avoid low spots where water pools.

Space trees 3-4 feet apart for a hedge.
Space them 8-10 feet apart for individual specimens.
Keep them at least 3 feet from fences or buildings.

Step 2: Prepare The Soil

Loosen the soil in a wide area, not just the planting hole. Mix in compost or aged manure if your soil is heavy clay or sandy.

Remove grass and weeds from a 3-foot circle.
Dig a hole 2-3 times wider than the root ball.
Make the hole the same depth as the root ball.
Rough up the sides of the hole with a shovel.

Step 3: Plant The Tree

Carefully remove the tree from its container. Gently loosen any circling roots. Place it in the hole so the top of the root ball is level with the ground.

Backfill with the original soil, not amendments.
Tamp down lightly to remove air pockets.
Water thoroughly until the soil settles.

Step 4: Mulch And Water

Apply 2-3 inches of wood chips or bark mulch around the base. Keep mulch 2 inches away from the trunk to prevent rot.

Water deeply once a week for the first year. In hot weather, water twice a week. Use a soaker hose for even moisture.

Common Mistakes To Avoid

Even experienced gardeners make errors. Here are the most common ones.

Planting Too Deep

If the root ball is buried too deep, the trunk can rot. Always keep the top of the root ball at or slightly above ground level.

Overwatering Or Underwatering

Arborvitae need consistent moisture but not soggy soil. Check the top 2 inches of soil—if dry, water. If wet, wait.

Skipping Soil Prep

Compacted soil stops roots from spreading. Always loosen the soil in a wide area before planting.

Planting In The Wrong Season

Planting in summer or winter is risky. Stick to spring or fall for the best results.

Arborvitae Care After Planting

Good care in the first year sets your tree up for life.

Watering Schedule

First 2 weeks: Water every 2-3 days.
Weeks 3-8: Water once a week.
After 8 weeks: Water every 10-14 days if no rain.

Fertilizing

Do not fertilize at planting time. Wait until the second spring. Use a balanced slow-release fertilizer like 10-10-10.

Pruning

Arborvitae rarely need pruning. Remove dead or damaged branches in early spring. Do not cut into old wood—it won’t regrow.

Winter Protection

In cold climates, wrap young trees with burlap to prevent wind burn. Remove the wrap in early spring.

Regional Planting Guide

Your local climate affects the best planting time. Here’s a quick guide by zone.

Cold Climates (Zones 3-5)

Plant in early spring, as soon as the ground thaws. Fall planting is risky because winter comes early. Aim for April to May.

Moderate Climates (Zones 6-8)

Both spring and fall work well. Plant in March-April or September-October. Avoid July and August.

Warm Climates (Zones 9-10)

Fall is best, from October to December. Spring is also fine, but summer heat can be intense. Water frequently if planting in spring.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I Plant Arborvitae In The Summer?

It’s not recommended, but possible if you water heavily and provide shade. Expect higher stress and slower growth.

How Late In The Fall Can I Plant Arborvitae?

Plant at least 6 weeks before the first hard frost. In most zones, that means by mid-October.

Should I Soak The Root Ball Before Planting?

Yes, if the root ball is dry. Submerge it in a bucket of water for 15-30 minutes before planting.

Do Arborvitae Need Full Sun?

They grow best in full sun (6+ hours daily). They tolerate partial shade but may become thin.

How Far Apart Should I Plant Arborvitae For A Hedge?

Space them 3-4 feet apart for a dense hedge. For a looser look, space 5-6 feet apart.

Final Tips For Success

Planting arborvitae at the right time is half the battle. The other half is consistent care in the first year. Water deeply, mulch well, and watch for pests like bagworms.

If you follow these guidelines, your arborvitae will grow into a lush, green screen or accent tree. Take your time choosing the season, and your trees will reward you for decades.

Remember, the key is patience. Arborvitae grow slowly at first, but once established, they can add 1-2 feet per year. Stick with the spring or fall window, and you will have healthy, beautiful trees.